The cassava value chain continues with the numerous cassava products from different processes of parts of the cassava plant.
The Cassava plant is more than just a source of carbohydrates.
Products from the manioca plant are beneficial – from biofuels to nutritious animal feed, it offers solutions to global food security and health benefits.
Key Takeaways
1. The cassava products are numerous and have diverse applications in various industries.
2. Flour, cassava peel, leaves, pulp, starch, flour, chips, pellets, ethanol, biofuel, animal feed, glue/adhesive, and garri, are some of the byproducts of cassava.
4. Cassava products like leaves, flour, and starch offer farmers health benefits and economic opportunities.
Table of Contents
- Key Takeaways
- What are Cassava Products?
- Key Cassava Products
- 1. Cassava peel
- 2. Cassava leaves
- 3. Cassava pulp
- 4. Cassava starch
- 5. Cassava flour
- 6. Cassava chips
- 7. Cassava pellets
- 8. Cassava ethanol
- 9. Cassava biofuel
- 10. Cassava animal feed
- 11. Cassava glue/adhesive
- 12. Garri
- 13. Akpu/Fufu
- 14. Tapioca
- 15. Abacha
- 16. Cassava Tortillas
- 17. Tapioca Pearls
- 18. Cassava Pie
- 19. Cassava Muffins
- 20. Cassava Bread
- 21. Yuca Fries
- 22. Cassava Pancake
- 23. Cassava Cake
- 24. Cassava Biscuits
- 25. Cassava Pudding
- FAQS on Cassava Products
- Final Word from Cassava Pathway
What are Cassava Products?
Cassava products are products from different parts of the cassava plant including the root and stem. They include garri cassava flakes, flour, animal feed, starch, ethanol, biofuel, fufu, and adhesives.
The most common product is cassava flour, used in gluten-free baking and cooking.
Tapioca pearls, often found in bubble tea, and tapioca starch, used as a thickener in sauces and soups, are also popular.
Cassava chips, similar to potato chips, are a crunchy snack made from sliced and fried cassava.
Industrially, cassava is processed into biofuels, animal feed, and even textiles. Its versatility makes it a key crop in food industries and sustainable manufacturing.
Key Cassava Products
Let’s take a look at some of the key products along the cassava value chain.
1. Cassava peel
The cassava peel is the outer skin of the cassava root which is discarded by traditional cassava processors.
Cassava peels can be very useful in animal feed because of its high content of fiber.
It is also used as a source of fuel for biofuel feedstock and a substrate for biogas production.
And we also believe that the research being carried out along the cassava value chain will find more usefulness of the cassava peels.
2. Cassava leaves
In my cassava-farming community, we never tried to eat cassava leaves because of ignorance, but as knowledge about the plant increased, we knew better.
The cassava leaves are a very nutritious part of the cassava plant that is given less attention.
The yuca leaves are protein-rich and packed with important vitamins and minerals with needed health benefits.
They are used in traditional dishes as vegetables and can also be processed into powder for cosmetics and supplements.
Certainly, manioc leaves have health benefits and can be further researched to be able to exploit their nutritional and cosmetic benefits.
3. Cassava pulp
Cassava pulp of course is the fibrous residue of the cassava root from local traditional processing of the root.
We discarded them because they are so fibrous, that they can’t cook when joined with other parts of the root in cooking and so are left for the local birds and animals.
However, with further understanding, these pulps are good for animal feed, biofuel feedstock, and also a good source of organic matter for compost.
By channeling cassava pulp to these areas, we can use what we thought was waste to proper use.
4. Cassava starch
Cassava starch also is a key product of cassava processing, and it has a wide range of industrial applications.
In Nigeria, there is a popular tribal delicacy based on manioca starch, and a delight to people having it for the first time.
This is after the starch has undergone some local processes.
Also, cassava starch can be used in food production, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and even as a binding agent in paper production.
When we explore more of cassava starch, we can reduce the pressure mounted on the starch obtained in corn and other sources.
5. Cassava flour
Cassava or manioc flour is the chief and most popular cassava product that modern cassava processing targets.
In recent times, it has been in high demand because of its gluten-free status.
It is used in baking, and cooking and as a thickener in sauces and soups.
Another importance of cassava flour is its digestive attributes because of its resistant starch and also helps to regulate blood sugar.
Incorporating yuca flour into diets can improve our health and also impact cassava farmers economically.
6. Cassava chips
Cassava chips come in two types. The fried cassava chips and the dried cassava chips. Fried chips are the ones prepared to be eaten while the dried ones are dried to preserve them for further processes into animal feeds or other purposes.
Among other cassava-based foods, cassava chips are a common product derived from the cassava root.
The dried cassava chips are made by cleaning, chipping, and sun-drying the cassava roots for 3-6 days.
This process reduces the cyanide content to safe levels. Cassava chips are a source of carbohydrates and are used as animal feed.
Also, the cassava root serves as a snack and is a better option than potato chips as it contains less acrylamide, a suspected carcinogen.
7. Cassava pellets
Cassava pellets are compact, cylindrical products made from cassava roots and stems, used as a source of energy in animal feed.
They have a lower nutritional value than chips due to the inclusion of shoot parts, which increase fiber and ash content.
Both products are widely used in various industries, including animal feed, distilleries, and pharmaceuticals.
8. Cassava ethanol
Cassava ethanol is produced by fermenting cassava starch or molasses and distilling it into alcohol.
Cassava ethanol is used as a biofuel for vehicles or as a cleaner alternative to traditional fossil fuels.
Production of more cassava ethanol reduces greenhouse gas emissions and supports sustainable energy solutions.
9. Cassava biofuel
Cassava biofuel is a product of cassava starch through fermentation and distillation processes.
It is a renewable energy source used to power vehicles, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating environmental pollution.
Cassava biofuel is energy-efficient, with a high energy output-to-input ratio, making it a promising alternative to traditional fuels.
10. Cassava animal feed
As mentioned above, cassava by-products such as peel, pulp, and leaves can be used as animal feed for livestock such as pigs, cows, and poultry.
The cassava-based animal feed provides a cost-effective and nutritious alternative to traditional feed sources, helping farmers improve their livestock’s health and productivity.
11. Cassava glue/adhesive
Cassava starch can also be used as a raw material for producing glue or adhesive products.
Cassava-based glue is non-toxic, biodegradable, and cost-effective, making it a suitable alternative to synthetic adhesives in various industries.
12. Garri
Garri is a popular edible food in West Africa, particularly in Nigeria.
It is produced from cassava tubers and involves several steps: washing and peeling, crushing, fermentation, dewatering, and frying.
Garri can be consumed directly or used as an ingredient in various dishes.
It is often mixed with water, sugar, or other ingredients and can be stored for long periods.
13. Akpu/Fufu
Akpu, also known as fufu, is a traditional West African food made from fermented cassava. To make akpu, cassava roots are peeled, soaked in water for several days to ferment, and then mashed or pounded into a smooth, dough-like consistency.
The resulting paste is typically boiled or steamed until firm. Akpu is a staple food in Nigeria and other parts of West Africa, where it is enjoyed alongside soups and stews.
14. Tapioca
Tapioca is a product derived from the starch of cassava roots. After cassava is harvested, its roots are processed to extract the starch, which is then dried and formed into various products like tapioca pearls, flakes, or flour.
Tapioca pearls, commonly used in bubble tea, have a chewy texture, while tapioca flour serves as a gluten-free thickening agent for soups, sauces, and baked goods.
It’s prized for its neutral flavor, making it adaptable to both sweet and savory dishes. Tapioca is a staple in many global cuisines, particularly in South America, Africa, and Asia.
15. Abacha
Abacha, also known as African salad, is a traditional Nigerian dish made from cassava.
To prepare abacha, cassava tubers are peeled, boiled, and then shredded into thin strips.
These strips are sun-dried until they become crispy and can be stored for later use.
When ready to serve, the dried cassava is soaked in water to soften, then mixed with palm oil, spices, vegetables, and sometimes fish or meat.
Abacha is a popular delicacy in southeastern Nigeria, enjoyed as a light meal or snack, appreciated for its unique texture and combination of flavors.
16. Cassava Tortillas
Cassava tortillas are a gluten-free alternative to traditional corn or wheat tortillas, made from cassava flour.
The flour, derived from the starchy roots of cassava, is mixed with water, oil, and salt to create a dough, which is then rolled out and cooked on a hot surface.
Cassava tortillas have a soft, pliable texture and a slightly earthy flavor, making them perfect for tacos, wraps, or other flatbread uses.
They are popular among those seeking grain-free or gluten-free options and are valued for their versatility and ability to hold up well to various fillings and toppings.
17. Tapioca Pearls
Tapioca pearls are small balls made from tapioca starch, which is derived from the cassava root.
They are commonly used in desserts and beverages, most famously in bubble tea.
To create tapioca pearls, tapioca starch is mixed with water to form a dough, which is then shaped into small balls and cooked.
When cooked, they become translucent and have a slightly sweet flavor.
18. Cassava Pie
Cassava pie is a delicious baked dish made primarily from cassava flour and grated cassava.
The base is often prepared by mixing grated cassava with eggs, milk, and sugar, resulting in a sweet, custard-like filling.
The mixture is poured into a pie crust and baked until golden and set. This dessert showcases the unique texture and flavor of cassava, which adds a subtle nuttiness to the pie.
Cassava pie is popular in various regions, particularly in South America and the Caribbean, where it is often served at festive occasions and gatherings.
19. Cassava Muffins
Cassava muffins are a gluten-free alternative made from cassava flour, offering a light and fluffy texture.
The batter combines cassava flour with ingredients like eggs, milk, sugar, and baking powder, resulting in a versatile treat.
These muffins can be sweetened with fruits, nuts, or spices, making them suitable for breakfast, snacks, or dessert.
Their natural sweetness and moisture make them appealing to those with dietary restrictions, and they can be enjoyed fresh or toasted.
Cassava muffins are popular in various cultures, highlighting cassava’s adaptability in baked goods.
20. Cassava Bread
Cassava bread is a traditional staple made from cassava flour, widely enjoyed in many tropical regions.
The dough is prepared by mixing cassava flour with water and sometimes eggs or milk, then kneading until smooth.
It is shaped into flatbreads and baked, resulting in a chewy texture and slightly nutty flavor.
Cassava bread serves as an excellent gluten-free option for sandwiches or as an accompaniment to soups and stews. In some cultures, it holds significant cultural importance and is often used in festive meals, showcasing cassava’s versatility in various culinary traditions.
21. Yuca Fries
Yuca fries, also known as cassava fries, are a popular snack or side dish made from the starchy roots of cassava.
To prepare yuca fries, the cassava roots are peeled, boiled until tender, and then cut into strips or wedges.
They are typically deep-fried or baked until crispy and golden. Yuca fries have a crunchy exterior and a soft, fluffy interior, making them a delightful alternative to traditional potato fries.
Often served with dipping sauces, they are enjoyed in various cuisines, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean, where they are a beloved comfort food.
22. Cassava Pancake
Cassava pancakes are a gluten-free breakfast option made from cassava flour or grated cassava.
The batter typically combines cassava with eggs, milk, and a leavening agent, resulting in a smooth and pourable mixture.
These pancakes can be cooked on a griddle until golden brown, creating a soft, fluffy texture. Cassava pancakes have a mild flavor that pairs well with sweet or savory toppings, such as maple syrup, honey, or fresh fruit.
They are popular in various cultures, offering a nutritious alternative to traditional pancakes while showcasing the versatility of cassava in breakfast dishes.
23. Cassava Cake
Cassava cake is a popular dessert in many tropical regions, particularly in the Caribbean and Southeast Asia.
Made from grated cassava, coconut milk, sugar, and eggs, the cake is baked until it has a firm, moist texture.
The natural sweetness of cassava combined with the creaminess of coconut milk creates a rich flavor profile.
Often topped with grated coconut or a layer of cheese, cassava cake is enjoyed as a festive treat during celebrations and gatherings.
Its unique taste and texture make it a favorite among those seeking gluten-free dessert options.
24. Cassava Biscuits
Cassava biscuits are a gluten-free snack or treat made primarily from cassava flour.
The dough is typically prepared by combining cassava flour with butter, sugar, and baking powder, resulting in a crumbly, tender texture.
These biscuits can be flavored with various ingredients, such as herbs, spices, or cheese, making them versatile for both sweet and savory options.
Cassava biscuits are often enjoyed with tea or coffee and can be served as a light snack or appetizer.
Their unique texture and flavor highlight the adaptability of cassava in baked goods.
25. Cassava Pudding
Cassava pudding is a delightful dessert made from grated cassava, coconut milk, sugar, and spices like nutmeg or vanilla.
The mixture is baked until it sets into a smooth, creamy texture with a slight chewiness from the cassava.
This pudding is popular in many Caribbean and tropical regions, often served at family gatherings and celebrations.
The natural sweetness of cassava combined with the richness of coconut milk creates a comforting dessert that is both satisfying and flavorful.
Cassava pudding is enjoyed warm or chilled, showcasing the versatility of cassava in sweet dishes.
FAQS on Cassava Products
What are the 5 products of cassava?
- Cassava flour
- Cassava starch
- Garri
- Cassava chips
- Fufu
What are 10 things made from cassava?
- Bread
- Cakes
- Biscuits
- Pastry
- Cookies
- Candy
- Pasta
- Couscous
- Starch-based products
- Biodegradable plastics
What can cassava be processed into?
- Starch
- Flour
- Garri
- Chips
- Animal feed
- Food products
- Industrial products
- Bio-degradable products
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Modified starches
What is cassava made?
Cassava is made from the roots of the cassava plant, which are high in starch and can be processed into various products such as mentioned above.
Final Word from Cassava Pathway
Cassava has a wide range of valuable products that can be utilized in various industries, from food production to renewable energy.
By researching and exploiting more of the potential of cassava, we can have more cassava-based products.
And by finding innovative ways to infuse them into different applications, we can create new economic opportunities, support sustainable agriculture practices, and reduce waste.
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